was complete 200 years of the birth of Domingo Faustino Sarmiento. Like Abel , I feel that something I have to say, and I have nothing new to add about her figure. Nor am I interested in reopening debates on someone who already has a century and a half long being more "controversial" Guillermo Moreno ...
Prefer investigate little-known aspects of the character, or rather hidden intentionally concealed many of its apologists. For example, his attitude toward the policy of transfer of land Julio Argentino Roca after the Conquest of the Desert. " To put in context, see the order of the day that General Roca issued on 26 April 1879, after the arrival of American troops to the shores of the Black River:
"To the astonishment of all our fellow citizens have done soon disappear Pampa numerous tribes that were thought invincible with the dread that infused the Desert and it was like a deadly legacy which still had to be passed Argentine generations for centuries. When human wave invade these desolate fields were the scene yesterday of destructive and bloody raids, to become empires of wealth and flourishing towns in which millions of people can live rich and happy, just then be estimated at its true value the merit of your efforts . "More than 30 million hectares had been incorporated into the country. The following year he became president of Rock the Nation and had the opportunity to distribute the lands public conquered in the military campaign. His unscrupulous dealings were reported by Sarmiento from The Censor the December 18, 1885:
"General Roca, educated at the College of Uruguay (*) has not brought his another idea about the government distribution of public land that practiced in those days [de Urquiza]-will without limits the one who wields the power-adopting it as a system. (...) President Roca, every few days sent in batches to the offices of Public Credit orders directly, without records or unnecessary steps (Urquiza system), to subscribe to the winners, who are always the same, hundreds of miles(...)."
(*) Refers to the National Association of Concepción del Uruguay, Entre Rios province.
(Text taken from the Economic History of the Twentieth Century Argentina led by A. Zaiat and M . Rapoport, Issue No. 1.)
A very useful work to discover these hidden sides of San Juan is the book "Alberdi, Sarmiento, '90" of Miltiades Peña. I'm interested in the fragments that are the disenchantment and repudiation Sarmiento felt at the end of his life, the Buenos Aires bourgeoisie in whose favor developed much of its political activity. His tendency to waste along with irresponsible borrowing, the subsequent hegemony of international finance capital, the lack of education and political participation, his own disappointment with immigration motivated by financial gain quick and easy, or landowning oligarchic dominance leaving forever postponed his dream of a country Farmers pioneers and are a matter of bitter reflections in his later years (and perhaps I can think of, there is a thread between his words and what I quoted in this post ). Are some examples:
"Our colony of Argentina in Paris is remarkable for the beauty of women and girls who are, calling much attention to the Parisians the distinction of race. Distínguense men by the elegance of her manners American carried his affection for the opera in which scenarios are the same heroes and clapped raw donuts in Columbus a year ago, giving them the right, so dear to the Parisian boulevarderos, penetrate racks behind the boudoir of a particular artist, formerly known in Buenos Aires. Argentine dandies and take possession of Paris. What most distinguishes our colony in Paris are the hundreds of millions of francs, which represents, taking him to France not only food of its theaters, large hotels, jewelers and fashion designers, but real capital migrating adults and Barbados, to establish and enrich France. At this point surpass the American colonies in Paris to the French colonies in Buenos Aires. They come to do their magot , while ours are millions there. " (1883)
"We are very few people to cover as much land as we have for work and wealth. The country will not be but through the efforts of foreigners. We do not want your savings converted into loans that often can not afford. We want your arms, their muscles, their intelligence, their initiatives. "
" Rock does and will do everything you want, for it is a republic without citizens, corrupted in recent times by the great mass of immigration, no other purpose than to find money for all roads, preferably the worst in the sense of honesty. What a disappointment we found the foreign immigration! These gringos that we have come are natural allies of all thieves for the good government commission charged on business helping raptors. "
" I am deafened by the roar of the institutions that collapse. Juarez [Celman] not only the instrument of blind forces that are transforming the republic. I can not scream! I'm hoarse after 60 years of preaching sterile. "
" It's impossible my role in the financial world that dominates us. My word is the voice in the wilderness. "
And the words to a crowd that greeted him on his birthday 75:
"There (in Home) ended the heroic age of our country. The following is your own history, composed of many hopes realized, some exceeded expectations for success and disappointments and disillusionment: with hundreds of millions that weigh on our conscience, our honor and our bags, with high salaries paid to serve evil, guardians who do not keep us but keep them. You can believe me when I say that this is the worst piece of life I've gone in so long so many times and places, sadder with the degeneration of the ideas of freedom and country that we grew up then. " ( The Censor , February 16, 1886)
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